Identification and handling of nested breakpoints during debug session

ABSTRACT

Provided are techniques for identification and handling of nested breakpoints during debug session. In a visualization, program code having functions, nested breakpoints, and an indication of whether each of the breakpoints is likely to be reached is displayed. In response to receiving input that selects a function from the functions, a call graph is displayed for the functions in the program code to enable viewing where each of the nested breakpoints is located in the program code with reference to the functions. An option to disable a nested breakpoint of the nested breakpoints for a current execution of the program code is provided. In response to receiving input that selects the option, the nested breakpoint is disabled.

FIELD

Embodiments of the invention relate to identification and handling ofnested breakpoints during debug session, automatic ranking ofbreakpoints, and for intelligent determination of potential breakpointusability.

BACKGROUND

Program code (a computer program or application) may be described as aset of instructions executed by a computing device. Breakpoints may beinserted into the program code. When execution of the program codereaches a breakpoint, the execution is paused to allow the state ofexecution (e.g., memory, registers, etc.) to be saved and/or reviewedfor debugging the program code.

Stepping through program code and using breakpoints for the purposes ofdebugging code is common practice. When a user is manually steppingthrough program code (i.e., manually clicking “step by step” to executethe code step by step), it may be annoying to try to step over afunction, only to get caught in a breakpoint nested in that function, orfunctions nested farther down.

Conventional systems have the notion of using predefined ranks to onlyhit breakpoints over a certain rank threshold. Some conventional systemsprovide ranked break points for debugging program code by running theprogram code until a certain instruction and choosing whether to skipbreakpoints according to their predefined ranks.

SUMMARY

Provided is a method for identification and handling of nestedbreakpoints during debug session. The method performs operations with aprocessor of a computer. Program code having functions, nestedbreakpoints, and an indication of whether each of the breakpoints islikely to be reached is displayed, in a visualization. In response toreceiving input that selects a function from the functions, a call graphis displayed for the functions in the program code to enable viewingwhere each of the nested breakpoints is located in the program code withreference to the functions. An option to disable a nested breakpoint ofthe nested breakpoints for a current execution of the program code isprovided. In response to receiving input that selects the option, thenested breakpoint is disabled.

Provided is a computer program product for identification and handlingof nested breakpoints during debug session. The computer program productcomprises a computer readable storage medium having program codeembodied therewith, the program code executable by at least oneprocessor to perform operations. Program code having functions, nestedbreakpoints, and an indication of whether each of the breakpoints islikely to be reached is displayed, in a visualization. In response toreceiving input that selects a function from the functions, a call graphis displayed for the functions in the program code to enable viewingwhere each of the nested breakpoints is located in the program code withreference to the functions. An option to disable a nested breakpoint ofthe nested breakpoints for a current execution of the program code isprovided. In response to receiving input that selects the option, thenested breakpoint is disabled.

Provided is a computer system for identification and handling of nestedbreakpoints during debug session. The computer system comprises one ormore processors, one or more computer-readable memories and one or morecomputer-readable, tangible storage devices; and program instructions,stored on at least one of the one or more computer-readable, tangiblestorage devices for execution by at least one of the one or moreprocessors via at least one of the one or more memories, to performoperations. Program code having functions, nested breakpoints, and anindication of whether each of the breakpoints is likely to be reached isdisplayed, in a visualization. In response to receiving input thatselects a function from the functions, a call graph is displayed for thefunctions in the program code to enable viewing where each of the nestedbreakpoints is located in the program code with reference to thefunctions. An option to disable a nested breakpoint of the nestedbreakpoints for a current execution of the program code is provided. Inresponse to receiving input that selects the option, the nestedbreakpoint is disabled.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

Referring now to the drawings in which like reference numbers representcorresponding parts throughout:

FIG. 1 illustrates, in a block diagram, a computing environment inaccordance with certain embodiments.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a program code snippet in accordancewith certain embodiments.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example call graph in accordance with certainembodiments.

FIG. 4 illustrates, in a flow chart, operations for identifying nestedbreakpoints in accordance with certain embodiments.

FIG. 5 illustrates, in a flow chart, operations for enabling anddisabling breakpoints in accordance with certain embodiments.

FIG. 6 illustrates, in a flow chart, operations for automatic ranking ofbreakpoints for debugging a computing device in accordance with certainembodiments.

FIG. 7 illustrates, in a flow chart, operations for intelligentdetermination of potential breakpoint usability in accordance withcertain embodiments.

FIG. 8 illustrates a computing node in accordance with certainembodiments.

FIG. 9 illustrates a cloud computing environment in accordance withcertain embodiments.

FIG. 10 illustrates abstraction model layers in accordance with certainembodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The descriptions of the various embodiments of the present inventionhave been presented for purposes of illustration, but are not intendedto be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Manymodifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skillin the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the describedembodiments. The terminology used herein was chosen to best explain theprinciples of the embodiments, the practical application or technicalimprovement over technologies found in the marketplace, or to enableothers of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodimentsdisclosed herein.

Identification and Handling of Nested Breakpoints During Debug Session

FIG. 1 illustrates, in a block diagram, a computing environment inaccordance with certain embodiments. In FIG. 1, a computing device 100includes a debugger 102, program code for one or more programs 120, andone or more call graphs. The debugger 102 includes a nested breakpointsystem 110. The nested breakpoint system 110 provides a nestedbreakpoint visualization 110 (“visualization”). The debugger 102executes the program code 120 for debugging.

The nested breakpoint system 110 allows developers to determine whetherfunctions (sometimes referred to as “methods”) with nested breakpointsmay be hit while stepping through program code. The nested breakpointsystem 110 provides the visualization 112 in which functions with nestedbreakpoints that may potentially be hit may be highlighted or have anicon above them. In response to a user (e.g., a developer or a personperforming debugging) hovering over a function, the nested breakpointsystem 110 provides the user with the option to disable nestedbreakpoints for that function for the current execution. Withembodiments, the option may be to select that function or an icon forthat function to indicate that the breakpoint is to be disabled. Withother embodiments, the option may be to select an item from a pop-up boxor menu that is displayed in response to the user hovering over thefunction. In addition, the nested breakpoint system 110 includes thefunction's call graph in the visualization 112. Although call graphs maybecome very complex, the call graphs enable easy viewing of howfunctions are related.

The nested breakpoint system 110 provides the visualization 112 with thenested breakpoints that exist within a function. In addition, the nestedbreakpoint system 110 provides the user with the an estimate of thelikelihood of reaching the breakpoints using a call graph. In certainembodiments, the nested breakpoint system 110 allows for automaticdisabling of a breakpoint when the likelihood of reaching thatbreakpoint is over a predefined threshold. The user may set thepredefined threshold. Also, allowing the user to see the call graph toreach the breakpoint gives the user an understanding of whether abreakpoint is reachable or not.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a program code snippet 200 inaccordance with certain embodiments. The nested breakpoint system 110displays the visualization 112 with the program code snippet 200. In theprogram code snippet 200, there are functions foo( ), bar( ), and baz(). In FIG. 2, bar( ) is a function that contains a breakpoint.

In certain embodiments, the program code snippet 200 is displayed usingintensity of highlighting, different types of boxes, etc. to indicatedistance from a breakpoint. For example, in FIG. 2, different boxes areused to indicate distance from a breakpoint. For example, breakpoint210, is shown in a solid lined box. In FIG. 2, functions foo( ) and baz() are most distant from breakpoint 210 and are shown in a dotted box. InFIG. 2, the two instances of the functions bar( ) are a medium distancefrom breakpoint 210 and are shown in a dotted/dashed box.

With embodiments, if a breakpoint for a function is enabled, the usermay select that function or an icon for that function to indicate thatthe breakpoint is to be disabled. If the breakpoint for the function isdisabled, that function or icon for that function may be selected toenable the breakpoint.

In certain embodiments, disabling a breakpoint only disables thatbreakpoint. In certain other embodiments, the breakpoint is disabled fora specific function of interest. In other embodiments, disabling thebreakpoint for a specific function of interest disables the breakpointfor all instances of that function. In certain embodiments, disabling orenabling a breakpoint results in changes to the visualization 112, suchas an indication that the breakpoint has been disabled or enabled.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example call graph 300 in accordance with certainembodiments. If the user hovers over a function, then the nestedbreakpoint system 110 displays the call graph 300. The call graph 300illustrates how the functions foo( ), bar( ), and baz( ) are related.Bar( ) is a function that contains a breakpoint.

FIG. 4 illustrates, in a flow chart, operations for identifying nestedbreakpoints in accordance with certain embodiments. Control begins atblock 400 with the nested breakpoint system 110 using a list ofbreakpoints to compile a list of functions that contain breakpoints. Inblock 402, the nested breakpoint system 110 builds a call graph thatincludes breakpoints. With the operations of block 402, as the callgraph is being built, the nested breakpoint system 110 compares eachfunction in the program code with the list of functions that containbreakpoints and places breakpoint links in the call graph. Withembodiments, the breakpoint links may be selected (e.g., clicked on) todisplay the breakpoint code. In addition, the call graph may include anicon (e.g., a checkbox icon) that lets a user disable/enable thespecific breakpoint.

In block 404, the nested breakpoint system 110, optionally, performsstatic code analysis to determine whether a nested breakpoint may beexecuted in each flow of execution, potentially reducing a number ofbreakpoints floated up to a higher level. This means that static codeanalysis is run to determine whether certain paths are actually capableof being hit or not.

FIG. 5 illustrates, in a flow chart, operations for enabling anddisabling breakpoints in accordance with certain embodiments. Controlbegins at block 500 with the nested breakpoint system 110 displaying, ina visualization, program code having functions, nested breakpoints, andan indication of whether each of the breakpoints is likely to bereached. Embodiments indicate how deeply nested a breakpoint is. Incertain embodiments, how deeply nested is a percent: Sum(depth of eachfunction with a breakpoint)/Sum(depth of all functions). The indicationmay take the form of different types of boxes (around each occurrence ofthe function with the breakpoint) to indicate different depths or maytake the form of different colors (around each occurrence of thefunction with the breakpoint) to indicate different depths.

In block 502, the nested breakpoint system 110 receives selection of afunction. In block 504, the nested breakpoint system 110 displays, in asecond visualization, a call graph with links for breakpoints for theselected function. With embodiments, the second visualization is apop-up window that displays the call graph for a function with links totoggle breakpoints in each section of the call graph.

In block 506, the nested breakpoint system 110 receives selection of alink for a breakpoint. In block 508, the nested breakpoint system 110determines whether the breakpoint is enabled or disabled. In block 510,the nested breakpoint system 110, in response to determining that thebreakpoint is enabled, disables the breakpoint, and, in response todetermining that the breakpoint is disabled, enables the breakpoint.

With embodiments, nested conditional breakpoints may be implemented atthe top level of the call graph by having the nested breakpointconditionally turned on and off based on top-level scope. With otherembodiments, the nested conditional breakpoints may be implemented at acurrent level of execution while stepping through the program code.

With embodiments, a developer using a debugger is able to see functionswhere nested breakpoints may potentially be hit and toggle them on oroff. Also, a developer is able to see the likelihood of reaching thosebreakpoints. With embodiments, this is accomplished by the nestedbreakpoint system 110 keeping track of historical information associatedwith either debugger sessions or performance profiling of the programcode. Profile tools provide historic information from a debugger. It maybe plausible from profile tools to see some functions are rarely invokedand are therefore less likely to get called.

With embodiments, the nested breakpoint system 110 may use a color ofthe function or the icon nearby to indicate how deeply nested thebreakpoint is (which correlates to the chances of hitting thatbreakpoint). With embodiments, hovering over the function allow the userto view a call graph for the function and see where nested breakpointsare located (allowing the user to easily toggle on/off specificbreakpoints).

With embodiments, the toggling on or off of breakpoints may beimplemented using object oriented concepts, such as methods within aclass, implementation of a given interface, methods/classes from withina certain package etc. That is, the breakpoint is disabled based on aprecondition selected from a group consisting of a class, an interface,and a package.

With embodiments, conditional breakpoints are executed based onvariables within their scope. The nested breakpoint system 110 hasknowledge of the call graph during compilation/code composition, andduring execution, the stack. This allows the nested breakpoint system110 to create a feature such that, with reference to FIG. 3, aconditional breakpoint in function bar( ) may only be enabled ifexecuted by function foo( ) and not if called by function baz( ).

With embodiments, the nested breakpoint system 110 may include variablesthat exist only in the caller's scope. For example, with reference toFIG. 3, only a break in function bar( ) if i==4 in function foo( ). Thebreakpoint remains entirely disabled if called by function baz( )regardless of whether there is a variable i declared within the scope offunction baz( ).

Thus, the nested breakpoint system 110 enables determining whether theuser is stepping over a function with a nested breakpoint and allows foroptions that make for skipping over the function.

Automatic Ranking of Breakpoints for Debugging a Computer

The nested breakpoint system 110 automates the ranking of breakpoints tomake debugging more efficient and user-friendly. The nested breakpointsystem 110 provides automatic ranking of breakpoints based on the depththat they are nested.

Being able to skip over breakpoints based on their prior ranking maymake debugging more efficient, however, going through and ranking eachbreakpoint may be tedious. Thus, the nested breakpoint system 110incorporates automatic ranking of breakpoints based on one or more ofthe sets of rules defined below:

1. Based on a breakpoint's relative depth to a current level ofexecution. The user may predefine the relative depth of breakpoints thatthey want to hit, and all deeper breakpoints are automatically skipped.This allows a breakpoint to have multiple ranks depending on their depthrelative to a specific function. For example, breakpoint X in functionbar( ) may be 2 levels deep relative to function foo( ), but 4 levelsdeep relative to function baz( ). For a defined depth ranking of 3, thenested breakpoint system 110 ignores breakpoint X (which is 4 levelsdeep) in the case of function baz( ).

2. Based on object oriented constructs, such as packages, classes,abstractions, polymorphism and their hierarchy (this hierarchy may beuser-defined). For example, an override function may have a higherranking than a base function.

3. Based on historical information collected by the debugger duringprior debug sessions. For example, the developer historically spending alot of time at specific breakpoints may increase the ranking of thosespecific breakpoints.

With embodiments, from the current level of execution, a partialcall-graph of each function is constructed to the predefined depth setby the user. At each step, only breakpoints within functions in thepartial call-graph are eligible to be hit.

FIG. 6 illustrates, in a flow chart, operations for automatic ranking ofbreakpoints for debugging a computing device in accordance with certainembodiments. Control begins at block 600 with the nested breakpointsystem 110, for each of the breakpoints in program code, a relativedepth of that breakpoint to a current level of execution. In block 602,the nested breakpoint system 110, for each of the breakpoints in theprogram code, determines object oriented constructs. In block 604, thenested breakpoint system 110, for each of the breakpoints in the programcode, determines historical information. In block 606, the nestedbreakpoint system 110 automatically ranks the breakpoints based on atleast one of: the relative depth of a breakpoint to a current level ofexecution, the object oriented constructs, and the historicalinformation.

With embodiments, a depth of breakpoints to be hit is predefined, andbreakpoints deeper than the predefined depth are skipped. The objectoriented constructions may comprise packages, classes, abstractions, andpolymorphism with an associated hierarchy. The historical informationmay be collected by a debugger during prior debug sessions.

Intelligent Determination of Potential Breakpoint Usability

When using a debugger, a user often sets many breakpoints before aproblem is eventually resolved. It may take multiple debug sessions ofsetting multiple breakpoints to resolve programming issues. In somecases, when the user is debugging code, the user intuitively knows that,while the program code is stopped at a breakpoint, the user may move onto (“jump” to) the next breakpoint. The developer may repeat thisprocess of trying to resolve problems, while not learning from mistakes.

Embodiments provide a debugger that learns from developer actions andgives the developer a better understanding of what breakpoints may ormay not be beneficial.

Embodiments enable a debugger to learn from developer actions and advisethe developer on the usefulness/validity of breakpoints.

With embodiments, the debugger keeps track of how developers interactwith the debugger. The debugger keeps track of breakpoints that thedeveloper sets, where the developer sets the breakpoints, how muchinformation the developer examines at a breakpoint when stopped, howmuch time the developer spends at a breakpoint before resuming theprogram code, etc. Additionally the debugger stores away values ofvariables and the like to create a profile for each breakpoint that isstopped on.

In a streaming environment, data triggers program code execution. Theincoming data and the history of that data is also captured by thedebugger to increase the usefulness of the profile being built up by thedebugger.

The debugger uses this information to continuously update the IntegratedDevelopment Environment (IDE) with how useful stopping at a breakpointmay be. The debugger through the IDE communicates asynchronously andindicates to the program code the usefulness of stopping at abreakpoint.

Embodiments may provide the information to the developer. Embodimentsmay automatically skip over breakpoints. For example, the nestedbreakpoint system 110 may automatically skip over breakpoints where thedebugger thinks the developer will not gain useful information. Also,this may be used when using RunTo or Skip over breakpoint technology.

FIG. 7 illustrates, in a flow chart, operations for intelligentdetermination of potential breakpoint usability in accordance withcertain embodiments. Control begins at block 700 with tracking, using adebugger during a debugging session, breakpoint data. In block 702, thedebugger uses the tracked breakpoint data to determine how usefulstopping at a particular breakpoint is. In block 704, based on thedetermination, the debugger selects one of enabling and disabling of theparticular breakpoint.

With embodiments, the breakpoint data comprises breakpoints that areset, where the breakpoints are set, how much information is examined ata breakpoint, how much time is spent at the breakpoint, and values ofvariables. With embodiments, in a streaming environment where datatriggers program execution, incoming data and history of the incomingdata is captured by the debugger.

FIG. 8 illustrates a computing environment 810 in accordance withcertain embodiments. In certain embodiments, the computing environmentis a cloud computing environment. Referring to FIG. 8, computer node 812is only one example of a suitable computing node and is not intended tosuggest any limitation as to the scope of use or functionality ofembodiments of the invention described herein. Regardless, computer node812 is capable of being implemented and/or performing any of thefunctionality set forth hereinabove.

The computer node 812 may be a computer system, which is operationalwith numerous other general purpose or special purpose computing systemenvironments or configurations. Examples of well-known computingsystems, environments, and/or configurations that may be suitable foruse with computer node 812 include, but are not limited to, personalcomputer systems, server computer systems, thin clients, thick clients,handheld or laptop devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-basedsystems, set top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network PCs,minicomputer systems, mainframe computer systems, and distributed cloudcomputing environments that include any of the above systems or devices,and the like.

Computer node 812 may be described in the general context of computersystem executable instructions, such as program modules, being executedby a computer system. Generally, program modules may include routines,programs, objects, components, logic, data structures, and so on thatperform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types.Computer node 812 may be practiced in distributed cloud computingenvironments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices thatare linked through a communications network. In a distributed cloudcomputing environment, program modules may be located in both local andremote computer system storage media including memory storage devices.

As shown in FIG. 8, computer node 812 in cloud computing node 810 isshown in the form of a general-purpose computing device. The componentsof computer node 812 may include, but are not limited to, one or moreprocessors or processing units 816, a system memory 828, and a bus 818that couples various system components including system memory 828 toprocessor 816.

Bus 818 represents one or more of any of several types of busstructures, including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheralbus, an accelerated graphics port, and a processor or local bus usingany of a variety of bus architectures. By way of example, and notlimitation, such architectures include Industry Standard Architecture(ISA) bus, Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, Enhanced ISA (EISA)bus, Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) local bus, andPeripheral Component Interconnects (PCI) bus.

Computer node 812 typically includes a variety of computer systemreadable media. Such media may be any available media that is accessibleby computer node 812, and it includes both volatile and non-volatilemedia, removable and non-removable media.

System memory 828 can include computer system readable media in the formof volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM) 830 and/or cachememory 832. Computer node 812 may further include otherremovable/non-removable, volatile/non-volatile computer system storagemedia. By way of example only, storage system 834 can be provided forreading from and writing to a non-removable, non-volatile magnetic media(not shown and typically called a “hard drive”). Although not shown, amagnetic disk drive for reading from and writing to a removable,non-volatile magnetic disk (e.g., a “floppy disk”), and an optical diskdrive for reading from or writing to a removable, non-volatile opticaldisk such as a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM or other optical media can be provided.In such instances, each can be connected to bus 818 by one or more datamedia interfaces. As will be further depicted and described below,memory 828 may include at least one program product having a set (e.g.,at least one) of program modules that are configured to carry out thefunctions of embodiments of the invention.

Program/utility 840, having a set (at least one) of program modules 842,may be stored in memory 828 by way of example, and not limitation, aswell as an operating system, one or more application programs, otherprogram modules, and program data. Each of the operating system, one ormore application programs, other program modules, and program data orsome combination thereof, may include an implementation of a networkingenvironment. Program modules 842 generally carry out the functionsand/or methodologies of embodiments of the invention as describedherein.

Computer node 812 may also communicate with one or more external devices814 such as a keyboard, a pointing device, a display 824, etc.; one ormore devices that enable a user to interact with computer node 812;and/or any devices (e.g., network card, modem, etc.) that enablecomputer node 812 to communicate with one or more other computingdevices. Such communication can occur via Input/Output (I/O) interfaces822. Still yet, computer node 812 can communicate with one or morenetworks such as a local area network (LAN), a general wide area network(WAN), and/or a public network (e.g., the Internet) via network adapter820. As depicted, network adapter 820 communicates with the othercomponents of computer node 812 via bus 818. It should be understoodthat although not shown, other hardware and/or software components couldbe used in conjunction with computer node 812. Examples, include, butare not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processingunits, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and dataarchival storage systems, etc.

In certain embodiments, the computing device 100 has the architecture ofcomputer node 812. In certain embodiments, the computing device 100 ispart of a cloud environment. In certain alternative embodiments, thecomputing device 100 is not part of a cloud environment.

Cloud Embodiments

It is understood in advance that although this disclosure includes adetailed description on cloud computing, implementation of the teachingsrecited herein are not limited to a cloud computing environment. Rather,embodiments of the present invention are capable of being implemented inconjunction with any other type of computing environment now known orlater developed.

Cloud computing is a model of service delivery for enabling convenient,on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computingresources (e.g. networks, network bandwidth, servers, processing,memory, storage, applications, virtual machines, and services) that canbe rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort orinteraction with a provider of the service. This cloud model may includeat least five characteristics, at least three service models, and atleast four deployment models.

Characteristics are as follows:

On-demand self-service: a cloud consumer can unilaterally provisioncomputing capabilities, such as server time and network storage, asneeded automatically without requiring human interaction with theservice's provider.

Broad network access: capabilities are available over a network andaccessed through standard mechanisms that promote use by heterogeneousthin or thick client platforms (e.g., mobile phones, laptops, and PDAs).

Resource pooling: the provider's computing resources are pooled to servemultiple consumers using a multi-tenant model, with different physicaland virtual resources dynamically assigned and reassigned according todemand. There is a sense of location independence in that the consumergenerally has no control or knowledge over the exact location of theprovided resources but may be able to specify location at a higher levelof abstraction (e.g., country, state, or datacenter).

Rapid elasticity: capabilities can be rapidly and elasticallyprovisioned, in some cases automatically, to quickly scale out andrapidly released to quickly scale in. To the consumer, the capabilitiesavailable for provisioning often appear to be unlimited and can bepurchased in any quantity at any time.

Measured service: cloud systems automatically control and optimizeresource use by leveraging a metering capability at some level ofabstraction appropriate to the type of service (e.g., storage,processing, bandwidth, and active user accounts). Resource usage can bemonitored, controlled, and reported providing transparency for both theprovider and consumer of the utilized service.

Service Models are as follows:

Software as a Service (SaaS): the capability provided to the consumer isto use the provider's applications running on a cloud infrastructure.The applications are accessible from various client devices through athin client interface such as a web browser (e.g., web-based e-mail).The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloudinfrastructure including network, servers, operating systems, storage,or even individual application capabilities, with the possible exceptionof limited user-specific application configuration settings.

Platform as a Service (PaaS): the capability provided to the consumer isto deploy onto the cloud infrastructure consumer-created or acquiredapplications created using programming languages and tools supported bythe provider. The consumer does not manage or control the underlyingcloud infrastructure including networks, servers, operating systems, orstorage, but has control over the deployed applications and possiblyapplication hosting environment configurations.

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): the capability provided to theconsumer is to provision processing, storage, networks, and otherfundamental computing resources where the consumer is able to deploy andrun arbitrary software, which can include operating systems andapplications. The consumer does not manage or control the underlyingcloud infrastructure but has control over operating systems, storage,deployed applications, and possibly limited control of select networkingcomponents (e.g., host firewalls).

Deployment Models are as follows:

Private cloud: the cloud infrastructure is operated solely for anorganization. It may be managed by the organization or a third party andmay exist on-premises or off-premises.

Community cloud: the cloud infrastructure is shared by severalorganizations and supports a specific community that has shared concerns(e.g., mission, security requirements, policy, and complianceconsiderations). It may be managed by the organizations or a third partyand may exist on-premises or off-premises.

Public cloud: the cloud infrastructure is made available to the generalpublic or a large industry group and is owned by an organization sellingcloud services.

Hybrid cloud: the cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or moreclouds (private, community, or public) that remain unique entities butare bound together by standardized or proprietary technology thatenables data and application portability (e.g., cloud bursting forload-balancing between clouds).

A cloud computing environment is service oriented with a focus onstatelessness, low coupling, modularity, and semantic interoperability.At the heart of cloud computing is an infrastructure comprising anetwork of interconnected nodes.

Referring now to FIG. 9, illustrative cloud computing environment 950 isdepicted. As shown, cloud computing environment 950 comprises one ormore cloud computing nodes 910 with which local computing devices usedby cloud consumers, such as, for example, personal digital assistant(PDA) or cellular telephone 954A, desktop computer 954B, laptop computer954C, and/or automobile computer system 954N may communicate. Nodes 910may communicate with one another. They may be grouped (not shown)physically or virtually, in one or more networks, such as Private,Community, Public, or Hybrid clouds as described hereinabove, or acombination thereof. This allows cloud computing environment 950 tooffer infrastructure, platforms and/or software as services for which acloud consumer does not need to maintain resources on a local computingdevice. It is understood that the types of computing devices 954A-Nshown in FIG. 9 are intended to be illustrative only and that computingnodes 910 and cloud computing environment 950 can communicate with anytype of computerized device over any type of network and/or networkaddressable connection (e.g., using a web browser).

Referring now to FIG. 10, a set of functional abstraction layersprovided by cloud computing environment 950 (FIG. 9) is shown. It shouldbe understood in advance that the components, layers, and functionsshown in FIG. 10 are intended to be illustrative only and embodiments ofthe invention are not limited thereto. As depicted, the following layersand corresponding functions are provided:

Hardware and software layer 1060 includes hardware and softwarecomponents. Examples of hardware components include: mainframes 1061;RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) architecture based servers 1062;servers 1063; blade servers 1064; storage devices 1065; and networks andnetworking components 1066. In some embodiments, software componentsinclude network application server software 1067 and database software1068.

Virtualization layer 1070 provides an abstraction layer from which thefollowing examples of virtual entities may be provided: virtual servers1071; virtual storage 1072; virtual networks 1073, including virtualprivate networks; virtual applications and operating systems 1074; andvirtual clients 1075.

In one example, management layer 1080 may provide the functionsdescribed below. Resource provisioning 1081 provides dynamic procurementof computing resources and other resources that are utilized to performtasks within the cloud computing environment. Metering and Pricing 1082provide cost tracking as resources are utilized within the cloudcomputing environment, and billing or invoicing for consumption of theseresources. In one example, these resources may comprise applicationsoftware licenses. Security provides identity verification for cloudconsumers and tasks, as well as protection for data and other resources.User portal 1083 provides access to the cloud computing environment forconsumers and system administrators. Service level management 1084provides cloud computing resource allocation and management such thatrequired service levels are met. Service Level Agreement (SLA) planningand fulfillment 1085 provide pre-arrangement for, and procurement of,cloud computing resources for which a future requirement is anticipatedin accordance with an SLA.

Workloads layer 1090 provides examples of functionality for which thecloud computing environment may be utilized. Examples of workloads andfunctions which may be provided from this layer include: mapping andnavigation 1091; software development and lifecycle management 1092;virtual classroom education delivery 1093; data analytics processing1094; transaction processing 1095; and breakpoint processing 1096.

Thus, in certain embodiments, software or a program, implementingbreakpoint processing in accordance with embodiments described herein,is provided as a service in a cloud environment.

Additional Embodiment Details

The present invention may be a system, a method, and/or a computerprogram product. The computer program product may include a computerreadable storage medium (or media) having computer readable programinstructions thereon for causing a processor to carry out aspects of thepresent invention.

The computer readable storage medium can be a tangible device that canretain and store instructions for use by an instruction executiondevice. The computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but isnot limited to, an electronic storage device, a magnetic storage device,an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, asemiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of theforegoing. A non-exhaustive list of more specific examples of thecomputer readable storage medium includes the following: a portablecomputer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), aread-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROMor Flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portablecompact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD),a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanically encoded device such aspunch-cards or raised structures in a groove having instructionsrecorded thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. Acomputer readable storage medium, as used herein, is not to be construedas being transitory signals per se, such as radio waves or other freelypropagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagatingthrough a waveguide or other transmission media (e.g., light pulsespassing through a fiber-optic cable), or electrical signals transmittedthrough a wire.

Computer readable program instructions described herein can bedownloaded to respective computing/processing devices from a computerreadable storage medium or to an external computer or external storagedevice via a network, for example, the Internet, a local area network, awide area network and/or a wireless network. The network may comprisecopper transmission cables, optical transmission fibers, wirelesstransmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers and/oredge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in eachcomputing/processing device receives computer readable programinstructions from the network and forwards the computer readable programinstructions for storage in a computer readable storage medium withinthe respective computing/processing device.

Computer readable program instructions for carrying out operations ofthe present invention may be assembler instructions,instruction-set-architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions,machine dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions,state-setting data, or either source code or object code written in anycombination of one or more programming languages, including an objectoriented programming language such as Smalltalk, C++ or the like, andconventional procedural programming languages, such as the “C”programming language or similar programming languages. The computerreadable program instructions may execute entirely on the user'scomputer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone softwarepackage, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computeror entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario,the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through anytype of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide areanetwork (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer(for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider).In some embodiments, electronic circuitry including, for example,programmable logic circuitry, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), orprogrammable logic arrays (PLA) may execute the computer readableprogram instructions by utilizing state information of the computerreadable program instructions to personalize the electronic circuitry,in order to perform aspects of the present invention.

Aspects of the present invention are described herein with reference toflowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus(systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of theinvention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchartillustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in theflowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented bycomputer readable program instructions.

These computer readable program instructions may be provided to aprocessor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, orother programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, suchthat the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computeror other programmable data processing apparatus, create means forimplementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or blockdiagram block or blocks. These computer readable program instructionsmay also be stored in a computer readable storage medium that can directa computer, a programmable data processing apparatus, and/or otherdevices to function in a particular manner, such that the computerreadable storage medium having instructions stored therein comprises anarticle of manufacture including instructions which implement aspects ofthe function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram blockor blocks.

The computer readable program instructions may also be loaded onto acomputer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other deviceto cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer,other programmable apparatus or other device to produce a computerimplemented process, such that the instructions which execute on thecomputer, other programmable apparatus, or other device implement thefunctions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block orblocks.

The flowchart and block diagrams in the Figures illustrate thearchitecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementationsof systems, methods, and computer program products according to variousembodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in theflowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portionof instructions, which comprises one or more executable instructions forimplementing the specified logical function(s). In some alternativeimplementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of theorder noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in successionmay, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks maysometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon thefunctionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of theblock diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocksin the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implementedby special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specifiedfunctions or acts or carry out combinations of special purpose hardwareand computer instructions.

What is claimed is:
 1. A computer program product, the computer programproduct comprising a computer readable storage medium having programcode embodied therewith, the program code executable by at least oneprocessor to perform: using a list of nested breakpoints to compile alist of functions that contain the nested breakpoints; building a callgraph that includes the nested breakpoints; displaying in avisualization, program code having the functions, the nestedbreakpoints, an indication of whether each of the nested breakpoints isto be reached, and an indication of how deeply nested each of the nestedbreakpoints is; in response to receiving input that selects a functionfrom the functions in the program code in the displayed visualization,displaying the call graph for the functions in the program code, whereinthe call graph indicates how the functions are related and indicateswhich of the functions include the nested breakpoints; and providing anoption to disable a nested breakpoint of the nested breakpoints for acurrent execution of the program code; and in response to receivinginput that selects the option, disabling the nested breakpoint; andexecuting the program code with the nested breakpoint disabled.
 2. Thecomputer program product of claim 1, wherein the program code isexecutable by the at least one processor to perform: automaticallydisabling the nested breakpoint based on a predefined threshold andbased on based historical information associated with debugger sessions.3. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the nestedbreakpoint is disabled based on a precondition selected from a groupconsisting of a class, an interface, and a package.
 4. The computerprogram product of claim 1, wherein the program code is executable bythe at least one processor to perform: creating a new conditionassociated with a conditional breakpoint; and enabling the conditionalbreakpoint based on the new condition.
 5. The computer program productof claim 1, wherein, when identifying a nested breakpoint, the programcode is executable by the at least one processor to perform: whilebuilding the call graph, identifying any functions that includebreakpoints by: comparing each of the functions in the program code withthe list of functions that contain breakpoints; and placing an icon inthe call graph for each of the nested breakpoints.
 6. The computerprogram product of claim 1, wherein the program code is executable bythe at least one processor to perform: automatically ranking the nestedbreakpoints based on at least one of: a relative depth of a nestedbreakpoint to a current level of execution, object oriented constructs,and historical information.
 7. The computer program product of claim 1,wherein the program code is executable by the at least one processor toperform: tracking, using a debugger during a debugging session,breakpoint data; using the tracked breakpoint data to determine howuseful stopping at a particular breakpoint is; and based on thedetermination, selecting one of enabling and disabling of the particularbreakpoint.
 8. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein aSoftware as a Service (SaaS) is configured to perform computer programproduct operations.
 9. A computer system, comprising: one or moreprocessors, one or more computer-readable memories and one or morecomputer-readable, tangible storage devices; and program instructions,stored on at least one of the one or more computer-readable, tangiblestorage devices for execution by at least one of the one or moreprocessors via at least one of the one or more memories, to performoperations comprising: using a list of nested breakpoints to compile alist of functions that contain the nested breakpoints; building a callgraph that includes the nested breakpoints; displaying in avisualization, program code having the functions, the nestedbreakpoints, an indication of whether each of the nested breakpoints isto be reached, and an indication of how deeply nested each of the nestedbreakpoints is; in response to receiving input that selects a functionfrom the functions in the program code in the displayed visualization,displaying the call graph for the functions in the program code, whereinthe call graph indicates how the functions are related and indicateswhich of the functions include the nested breakpoints; and providing anoption to disable a nested breakpoint of the nested breakpoints for acurrent execution of the program code; and in response to receivinginput that selects the option, disabling the nested breakpoint; andexecuting the program code with the nested breakpoint disabled.
 10. Thecomputer system of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise:automatically disabling the nested breakpoint based on a predefinedthreshold and based on based historical information associated withdebugger sessions.
 11. The computer system of claim 9, wherein thenested breakpoint is disabled based on a precondition selected from agroup consisting of a class, an interface, and a package.
 12. Thecomputer system of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise:creating a new condition associated with a conditional breakpoint; andenabling the conditional breakpoint based on the new condition.
 13. Thecomputer system of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise:while building the call graph, identifying any functions that includebreakpoints by: comparing each of the functions in the program code withthe list of functions that contain breakpoints; and placing an icon inthe call graph for each of the nested breakpoints.
 14. The computersystem of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise:automatically ranking the nested breakpoints based on at least one of: arelative depth of a nested breakpoint to a current level of execution,object oriented constructs, and historical information.
 15. The computersystem of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise: tracking,using a debugger during a debugging session, breakpoint data; using thetracked breakpoint data to determine how useful stopping at a particularbreakpoint is; and based on the determination, selecting one of enablingand disabling of the particular breakpoint.
 16. The computer system ofclaim 9, wherein a Software as a Service (SaaS) is configured to performcomputer system operations.